The system unit is a case that contains
electronic components of the computer used to process data.
The
inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes
- · Drive Bay
- · Power supply
- · Sound card
- · Video card
- · Processor
- · Memory
The motherboard is the main circuit board
of the system unit.
The processor,
also called the central processing unit
(CPU), interprets and
carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer. Contain a control unit and an
arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
The control unit is the
component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations
in the computer.
The
arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations.
For every instruction, a processor repeats a set of four basic
operations, which comprise a machine cycle –
- · Fetch
- · Decode (CU)
- · Execute (ALU)
- · Store (result)
What is system clock?
The system clock control the timing of all computer
operation .The pace of the system clock is called the clock speed and is
measured in GHz (gigahertz)
A processor chip generates heat that could cause the chip to burn up.
Require additional cooling like -
·
Heat sinks
·
Liquid cooling technology
The binary system uses two unique digit 0 and 1
. Bits and bytes
·
Analogue system are continuous
and vary in strength and quality
·
Digital is in one of two
states that is on and off
How to convert letter in binary form and back –
- · A user process the capital letter T (shift + key) on the keyboard which in turn creates a special code called a scan code for the capital letter T
- · The scan code for the capital letter T is sent on the system unit.
- · The system unit then convert the scan code for the capital letter T to its ASCII binary code ( 01010100) and stores it in memory for processing
- · After processing the binary code for the capital letter T is converted to an image and displayed on the computer device.
Memory store three basic item :-
- · The operating system and other software
- · Application program
- · Data being proceed and resulting information
Memory
size is measured in kilobytes (KB or K), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB).
The
system unit consist two types of memory :-
- · Volatile memory- RAM
- · Nonvolatile memory- ROM
RAM - RAM chips usually reside on a memory module and are inserted into memory slots. The amount of RAM necessary in a computer often
depends on the types of software you plan to use.
ROM
– refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instruction.
PROM
– A PROM chip is a blank that can be written to permanently.
An
expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.
An
adapter card enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or
provides connections to peripherals. Example- sound card and video card.
A
USB port can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single
connector.
A
port replicator is an external device that provides connections to peripherals
through ports built into the device.
A
docking station is an external device that attaches to a mobile computer or
device.
Access
time is the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory.
Expansion
slot- socket on motherboard that can hold an adapter .
Adapter
card – sound card and video card.
Removable
flash memory include :-
·
Memory card
·
USB flash drive
·
Express card
·
External hard disk
A
port replicator is an external device that provides connections to peripherals
through ports built into the device.
A
docking station is an external device that attaches to a mobile computer or
device.
A
bay is an opening inside the system unit in which you can install additional
equipment. A drive bay typically holds disk drives.
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