CHAPTER-2 FUNDAMENTAL OF WORLD WIDE WEB AND INTERNET

             What is internet?

The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

Evolution of internet :-

• ·        You initiate an action to request data or information form the internet.  For example you request to display a Web page on your computer screen.
• ·        A cable modem transfer the computers digital signals to the cable television line in your house .
• ·        Your request (digital signals) travels through cable television lines to a central cable system, which is shared up to 500 homes in a neighborhood.
• ·        The central cable system sends your request over high speed fiber optic lines to the cable operator , who often also in the ISP.
• ·        The ISP routes your request through the internet backbone to the destination server (in this example , the server contains the requested Web site )
• ·        The server retrieves the requested Web page and sends it back through the internet backbone to your computer.

A web browser or browser allows user to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs such as –

• ·        Internet explorer
• ·        Google chrome
• ·        Safari
• ·        Firefox
• ·        Opera

A home page is the first page that a Web site displays .Web pages provide links to other related Web pages.

Downloading is the process of receiving information.

A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address.

Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories :-

• ·     Search engine- finds information related to specific topic. Can locate image, video, publications, map, blogs, audio
• ·        Subject directories- classifies web page in an organized set of categories

There are 13 types of web site :-

• ·        Portal
• ·        News
• ·        Information
• ·        Business/ marketing
• ·        Blog
• ·        Wiki
• ·        Online social network
• ·        Education
• ·        Entertainment
• ·        Content aggregator
• ·        Personal
• ·        Advocacy
• ·        Web application

  Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with :-

• • Graphics
• • Audio - Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound
• • Video - Video consists of images displayed in motion
• • Virtual reality - Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space
• • Animation

Streaming is the process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow

What is FTP  ?

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet. Many operating systems include FTP capabilities. An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP

What is VoIP ?

VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet.

What is mailing list ?

A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name

•      Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address

•      Unsubscribing removes your name

What is E-commerce ?

E-commerce is a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network.